About 17.5% of the world's population calls India home. With 1.42 billion inhabitants, India is presently the most populated country in the world.
Knowing that the Indian government only conducts a census every ten years and that the next one will be published in 2021, you will quickly do the maths and realize that the most recent official data on India's population date back to 2011.
If you are looking for the best cities to live in India, here are the factors you must consider -
- Affordability
- Climate & Pollution
- Traffic Condition
- Education
- Hospitals & Healthcare
Top 10 Cities in India By Population
| # | City | State | Population | Metropolitan | Sexratio | Literacy |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Mumbai | Maharashtra | 12,442,373 | 18,414,288 | 853 | 89.73 |
| 2 | Delhi | Delhi | 11,034,555 | 16,314,838 | 876 | 87.59 |
| 3 | Bangalore | Karnataka | 8,443,675 | 8,499,399 | 923 | 88.71 |
| 4 | Hyderabad | Andhra Pradesh | 6,731,790 | 7,749,334 | 955 | 83.26 |
| 5 | Ahmedabad | Gujarat | 5,577,940 | 6,352,254 | 898 | 88.29 |
| 6 | Chennai | Tamil Nadu | 4,646,732 | 8,696,010 | 989 | 90.18 |
| 7 | Kolkata | West Bengal | 4,496,694 | 14,112,536 | 908 | 86.31 |
| 8 | Surat | Gujarat | 4,467,797 | 4,585,367 | 756 | 87.89 |
| 9 | Pune | Maharashtra | 3,124,458 | 5,049,968 | 948 | 89.56 |
| 10 | Jaipur | Rajasthan | 3,046,163 | 3,046,163 | 900 | 83.33 |
Source: https://www.census2011.co.in/city.php
Before moving to India, maybe you should learn to speak Hindi.
India conducts an official census every 5 years, with the most recent one being in 2011. The census was carried out in two phases, house listing and population listing, from April 2010 to April 2011.
The population of towns, districts, villages, and cities was calculated during this time. The census collected data on various categories such as age, sex, occupation, housing details, ownership details, literacy rates, and standard of living. The total population of India in 2011 was 1,210,854,977, including the population of urban agglomerations and cities.
As of 2023, India's population is estimated to be 1,425,775,850.
Now, we need to determine which places are classified as cities or urban areas (UAs). Places that have a municipality, a corporation, a notified town area community, or a cantonment board are considered to be cities or UAs. These places were chosen because they have a population of over 5000 and more than 75% of the male population is engaged in non-agricultural sectors.
The population of cities in India has been growing due to urbanization and increased literacy levels. In 2011, there were 4041 statutory towns, 3894 census towns, 475 UAs, and 981 outgrowths, compared to 3799 statutory towns, 1362 census towns, 384 UAs, and 962 outgrowths previously. So there has been an increase in all types of places.
Here are the population details of some major cities (excluding agglomerations): Mumbai - 12,442,373, Delhi - 11,034,555, Bangalore - 8,443,675, Hyderabad - 6,731,790, Ahmedabad - 5,577,940, Chennai - 4,646,732, Kolkata - 4,496,694, Surat - 4,467,797, Pune - 3,124,458, Jaipur - 3,046,163. Urban areas surrounding cities are collectively referred to as Urban Agglomerations.
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Hyderabad, the City of Nizams
Technically Hyderabad is the capital of two states, at least until 2025. Originally the capital of Andhra Pradesh, in the South East of India, the city was included in the newly formed state of Telangana in 2014 but would remain the de jure capital of Andhra Pradesh for a period of 10 years. No one said Indian political and geographical subtilities were easy.
Hyderabad was founded in 1591 by Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah and remained under the rule of his dynasty until the Moghul Empire took over. Later on, the Mughal viceroy Asif Jah I went his own way and coronated himself Nizam of Hyderabad.
His family continued to rule the region for the next century and a half until the Independence in 1948 when Nizam VII only reluctantly surrendered his powers after the newly created Indian Union invaded the princely state and defeated the Nizam's forces.
Fast forward 70 years and Hyderabad is now a modern city, which has been ranked as the best Indian city to live in for four years in a row.
Why Living In Hyderabad Is A Good Decision?
Living in Hyderabad can be a great experience due to its rich history, diverse culture, and booming economy. Hyderabad is known for its delicious cuisine, historical landmarks such as the Charminar and Golconda Fort, and its thriving IT industry.
The city offers a range of housing options, from traditional neighborhoods to modern high-rise apartments. Additionally, Hyderabad has good transportation connectivity and is known for its vibrant arts and entertainment scene. If you are considering living in Hyderabad, it's important to explore the various neighborhoods, amenities, and local lifestyle to find the best fit for your preferences.
Affordable housing and low cost of living
Compared to any British city, real estate in India is relatively affordable, but the city of Hyderabad, which is home to no less than 7.7 million people, boasts some of the most affordable housing in the country.
Compared to Mumbai, the most expensive city in the country, a 100m2 flat in Hyderabad city centre would cost around 6.1 million rupees or about £70,000 (or 61 lakh rupees, Indian usually count significant numbers in lakh, one lakh being 100,000 rupees). Rents in Hyderabad are thus roughly 85% cheaper than in Mumbai.
Cost of living is also quoted to be one of the reasons the city as ranked so high amongst Indian towns. Overall the purchasing power of Hyderabadis is about 16% higher than their Mumbaites peers.
The relatively clean climate and the low crime rate were also factors that gained the city its top position.
Expats are also very likely to find employment in the city of Hyderabad as big American companies like Microsoft, Apple, Amazon, Google, IBM, Yahoo!, Oracle Corporation, Dell, Facebook, and CISCO, all have firms there. No wonder IT pros call the city Cyberabad.
The city is also home to major Indian pharma companies and produces one-third of all the drugs sold in the country while manufacturing 16% of all of the country's biotechnology products.
Employment Opportunities
Being a hub for IT companies, Hyderabad is an excellent choice for engineers to find employment. So, if you are looking for a city that has ample job opportunities and good infrastructure, then Hyderabad is the perfect option for you.
Excellent Hospitals In Hyderabad
Apollo Health City: Apollo Health City is the 1st hospital in the world to be accredited by the DCSC for Acute Stroke by JCI. It is equipped with state-of-the-art medical technology, including PET CT technology.
KIMS Hospitals: KIMS Hospitals is the 3rd largest epilepsy center in India and has won the Times Healthcare Achievers Award 2019-2020. It is known for its advanced medical facilities, including an operational blood bank. KIMS Hospitals has a team of skilled doctors and offers a wide range of medical specialties.
Continental Hospitals: Continental Hospitals is the 1st hospital in the Indian subcontinent to obtain the “Gold Seal” in the first attempt. It has specialties like Green OT, Level 3 NICU, and PICU.
If you get lost or need to bargain, you will have to learn some Hindi at least.
Pune, the Oxford of The East
Located in the Maharashtra state for which the city serves as the capital, Pune has been estimated to be at least 1000 years old. During the 16th century and under the Maratha Empire, Pune became the residence home of the Empire's prime minister and thus began the transformation from a humble citadel to a flamboyant political and cultural center.
Pune has reached the top of the list for the most comfortable city to live in India. Despite its relatively cleaner air, the excellent accessibility to water, and an affordable housing market, Punekars still enjoy a higher purchasing power mainly because the cost of living has not risen so much in the past years while the average salary did, the workers of Pune earn about 30% more than their Hyderabad fellows.
The numerous top-notch universities dotted all over the cities have earned the city of Pune the nickname of Oxford of the East. Almost half of all international students in India are studying in Pune, and the city is also the principal teaching center for Japanese learning in the country. Germany and France are also represented through the Goethe Institute and the Alliance Francaise.
The city is particularly welcoming for engineering expats as many well-known car manufacturers have set up shop in Pune over the last 50 years, including Mercedes Benz, General Motors, Land Rover, Jaguar, Renault, Volkswagen, and Fiat.
All in all, Pune is one of the most delightful cities to live in India with all the amenities you would expect from a city this size but with a much lesser crazy busy vibe than Mumbai or Delhi.
Why Living In Pune Is A Good Decision?
Living in Pune can be a vibrant and enriching experience. Pune, often referred to as the "Oxford of the East," is known for its rich cultural heritage, educational institutions, and bustling IT industry. The city offers a blend of modernity and tradition, with a diverse range of culinary delights, historical landmarks, and an active nightlife.
Climate: Pune's favorable climate and proximity to hill stations make it an attractive place to reside. Additionally, the city hosts several festivals, art events, and cultural activities throughout the year. Pune's real estate market caters to a variety of preferences, from bustling urban areas to serene suburban locales.
Public Transportation: Transportation in Pune includes a well-connected bus network, suburban railways, and emerging metro connectivity. The city's infrastructure supports a burgeoning entrepreneurial spirit, making it a hub for startups and businesses across various sectors.
Education: Pune is home to some of the finest Universities in India, from Ferguson College to Symbiosis, Pune is the student city of Maharashtra, so if you are looking at Pune as a student, then it's the best possible decision you can make.
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Mumbai, The City Of Dreams
Living in Mumbai can be a vibrant and exciting experience. Mumbai is the capital city of the Indian state of Maharashtra and is known for its bustling city life, diverse culture, and numerous job opportunities. As a resident of Mumbai, you can enjoy a mix of traditional and modern lifestyles, explore a variety of cuisines, experience the Bollywood film industry, and visit iconic landmarks such as the Gateway of India and Marine Drive. Additionally, Mumbai offers a range of educational institutions, healthcare facilities, and recreational activities, making it a dynamic place to live.
Mumbai is commonly referred to as the "city of dreams" and is a prosperous urban area with numerous prospects. It is the financial center of India, attracting multinational corporations and featuring a lively nightlife, making it an attractive location for both living and working. This busy city provides a diverse and modern way of life, as well as a multitude of job options, making it a popular destination for ambitious individuals.
Is Mumbai a Good Place to Live?
The City Allows You To Dream: People who live in Mumbai will often tell you that Mumbai has a charm, this charm makes your dreams come true. So, if you are looking to be a part of a fast-paced city where people work hard to become someone, then Mumbai is the right choice.
Transportation - Mumbai boasts one of the largest suburban railway networks in the world, providing excellent connectivity to all key areas within the city. Getting from one part of the city to another is incredibly convenient, thanks to the availability of trains 24/7. The local train system greatly enhances accessibility for residents, making Mumbai an ideal place to live for anyone.
Artistic Culture - Known for its lively nightlife, culture, and lifestyle, Mumbai is a hub of art and theater. It is the residence of some of the biggest Bollywood and Marathi film stars and a city that celebrates art and culture. With its dynamic atmosphere and energy, Mumbai is an ideal place to reside and a fantastic choice for those seeking to discover the city's diverse attractions.
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Kolkata, The City Of Literature
Kolkata, also known as Calcutta, is the capital city of the Indian state of West Bengal. It is a vibrant and culturally rich city with a long history and diverse population. As of 2021, the estimated population of Kolkata is over 14 million people, making it the third most populous metropolitan area in India.
Living in Kolkata offers a unique experience due to its rich heritage, art, literature, and delicious cuisine. The city is known for its historical landmarks, including the Victoria Memorial, Howrah Bridge, and the Indian Museum. Moreover, Kolkata is famous for its festivals, such as Durga Puja, which is celebrated with great fervor.
The city has a diverse economy, with industries ranging from manufacturing to technology and service sectors. Kolkata is also a major cultural and educational center, home to several prestigious universities and research institutions.
When living in Kolkata, you will find a mix of traditional and modern lifestyles, bustling markets, and a fervent love for sports, especially cricket and football. The city’s transportation network includes the iconic yellow taxis, trams, and an expanding metro system, making it relatively easier to navigate the urban area.
Is Kolkata a Good Place to Live?
Cost Of Living - Kolkata is recognized as one of the most cost-effective metropolitan cities in India. In comparison to other prominent cities in the country, Kolkata is renowned for its affordable living expenses. In addition to inexpensive food options, Kolkata also boasts a well-connected and affordable public transportation system, making it convenient to travel within the city.
Culture & Literature - Kolkata, known for its vibrant cultural legacy and historical significance, boasts several iconic landmarks like the Victoria Memorial, Howrah Bridge, and Kalighat Temple, which draw tourists from across the globe. Previously the capital of India, Kolkata relinquished its title to New Delhi in 1911. Regarded as the birthplace of artistic expression and contemporary Indian literature within nationalist circles, Kolkata holds a special place in the hearts of many.
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Ahmedabad, The City Of Business
Living in Ahmedabad offers a vibrant and culturally rich experience. As the largest city in the Indian state of Gujarat, Ahmedabad is known for its historical significance, architectural wonders, and diverse culinary offerings. Its booming economy and strong industrial presence make it an attractive location for job opportunities and business ventures. Additionally, the city features a range of educational institutions, healthcare facilities, and entertainment options, contributing to a well-rounded lifestyle for its residents.
Is Ahmedabad a Good Place to Live?
Fastest Growing City In India: Ahmedabad, located in Gujarat, is a city that is currently undergoing development. With its vibrant atmosphere, the city is bustling with various developmental activities. The city's rapid industrialization, improved infrastructure, and efficient connectivity have all contributed to its rapid progress. Ahmedabad is even known as the Manchester City of India.
The real estate sector in Ahmedabad is experiencing a significant boom, making it an ideal opportunity for individuals looking to invest in the city. Although the cost of living in Ahmedabad may be slightly high, the city offers ample employment prospects that align with its improved standard of living.
Tourist Attractions - Ahmedabad offers a plethora of tourist attractions that can be visited at any time if you decide to purchase a house in the city. Some notable places to visit include Sabarmati Ashram, Gandhi Ashram, Adalaj Stepwell, and ISKCON Temple. Living in Ahmedabad provides the opportunity to appreciate the city's serene beauty and explore its various tourist sites. Furthermore, the tourism industry also offers numerous job opportunities.
Bangalore, Silicon Valley
Living in Bangalore can be a vibrant experience, as the city is known for its diverse culture, thriving job opportunities, and pleasant weather. Bangalore, also known as Bengaluru, is the capital of the Indian state of Karnataka and is renowned as the country's IT hub. The city boasts an array of cultural events, restaurants, and nightlife, making it an exciting place to live.
However, rapid urbanization has also brought challenges such as traffic congestion and rising living costs. Overall, living in Bangalore offers a mix of modern amenities and traditional charm, making it a compelling destination for many.
Is Bangalore a Good Place to Live?
Safety - Bangalore has been ranked as the third safest city in India and is known for being a welcoming city for foreign nationals, according to numerous recent global surveys.
Climate - Bangalore is widely regarded as the top city in India, with its agreeable and enjoyable climate being the first thing that comes to mind. Unlike Mumbai and Delhi, which have extreme weather conditions, Bangalore boasts a consistent and pleasant climate throughout the year, making it the ideal place to reside in India.
Due to its fantastic location, Bangalore is an ideal destination for both domestic and international travel. There are frequent flights to various destinations, and the city also boasts excellent train and bus connectivity.
With India being such a vast country, this list is very restrictive. Other great cities and towns to live in India would include tech-savvy Bangalore, vibrant Chennai, or the holy Varanasi.
With the rise of nomadic workers, the norms of livability hold no more, and one could easily move to one of the cities in the state of Goa or Kerala and enjoy the beaches like a tourist while working remotely from a computer.
And if you enjoy smaller cities and towns still offering high livability with low crime rates and substantial job growth, check out Gangtok in Sikkim, Rishikesh in Uttarakhand, Gandhinagar in Gujarat, Bengaluru in Karnataka or Jaipur in Rajasthan.
Of course, living in one Indian city shouldn't stop you to visit the rest of the country as so many tourists do and some must-see monuments should be on your weekend to-do list. Visit the Taj Mahal in Agra, the forts of Shimla, the Jagdish Hindu Temple of Udaipur or the white sands beach of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
The Indian sub-continent is full of treasures!
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